MOST DANGEROUS LIZARS

  MOST DANGEROUS LIZARS Lizards are a diverse group of reptiles that belong to the order Squamata, which also includes snakes. They have scaly skin, four legs (except for some legless species), movable eyelids, and external ear openings. They are mostly carnivorous and have various adaptations to avoid predators, such as venom, camouflage, and tail regeneration. There are more than 7,000 species of lizards in the world, living in different habitats and climates. Some of the most well-known lizards are the Komodo dragon, the chameleon, the gecko, and the iguana. Lizards are not dangerous to humans, however, some lizards are poisonous and can harm a person if they are touched or bitten by these reptiles. Certain lizards, such as the Komodo dragon, can grow to large sizes and have been known to attack and kill people. Most lizards, in reality, are harmless to humans, as are most turtles; however, there are certain members of both groups that can kill, maim, make ill, or inflict at lea
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KARIMPUZHA WILDLIFE SANCTUARY

 KARIMPUZHA WILDLIFE SANCTUARY


INTRODUCTION

In the Indian state of Kerala, there is a wildlife sanctuary called Karimpuzha Wildlife Sanctuary that is close to Nilambur. It was established as a wildlife sanctuary by Government order No. G.O(P)9/2019/F&WLD Dated 12.12.2019. Its 227.97 sq km of land includes the New Amarambalam Reserved Forest and the Vadakkekotta Vested Forest, with the exception of the Manjeri settlement of the Cholanaikar tribe. A continuous protective area stretch is made possible by the Karimpuzha Wild Life Sanctuary, which connects the Tamil Nadu and Kerala national parks.  Additionally, it shares borders with Silent Valley National Park's buffer zone in the northeast and Mukkuruthi National Park in the south.

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HISTORY
In 1882, the Madras Forest Act became law. During the years 1883-1887, the forests in Mannarkkad, New Amarambalam, Silent Valley, Walayar, and Chennath Nair Reserve were designated as Reserved Forests. The Wildlife Institute of India proposed in 1988 that the 225.00 km2 Mannarkkadu Valley be designated as a protected area. In the short term, sanctuary classification rather than national park status is more appropriate because this valley is home to tribes who depend on the forest for their survival. These suggestions were made to the Kerala government. 
The neighboring Mannarkkadu Valley National Park and the Nilgiri Thar Wildlife Sanctuary, as well as the completion of the legal procedures to establish the proposed Mannarkkadu Valley National Park and upgrade the status of the Nilgiri Thar Wildlife Sanctuary, were strongly encouraged by the UNESCO World Heritage Committee to expand the boundaries of Silent Valley National Park in 1991.
The committee considered adding Silent Valley National Park to the World Heritage List in 1990 but postponed their decision until the Indian Government revised the boundary of the nominated area to include the neighboring Karimpuzha Valley National Park and the Nilgiri Tahr Wildlife Sanctuary and the completion of legal actions to establish the Mannarkkadu Valley National Park and upgrade the legal status of the Nilgiri Tahr Wildlife Sanctuary.
Karimpuza was designated a Protected area that overlaps with the South Western Ghats montane rain forest Ecoregion by the World Conservation Monitoring Centre of the United Nations Environment Programme in 1997. IUCN classification PRO (proposed) Karimpuzha was identified as having potential value as a World Heritage Forest in 1998 during the first World Heritage Forest meeting in Berastagi, Indonesia. The Ministry of Environment and Forests (India) nominated Karimpuzha as a planned Wildlife Sanctuary in 2006. 

GEOGRAPHICAL FEATURES
Karimpuzha Wildlife Sanctuary is close to Nilambur. The Vadakkekkotta Vested Forest and the new Amarambalam Reserve Forest are both part of the Karimpuzha Wildlife Sanctuary. It shares borders with Silent Valley National Park's buffer zone in the northeast and Makkaruthi National Park's southern boundary. There is a significant altitudinal gradient in the wildlife sanctuary’s landscape since it rises from 40 to 2,654 meters above sea level. 
 
FAUNA AND FLORA

Nearly all of the mammals native to the Western Ghats can be found in the Karimpuzha wildlife reserve, including the Nilgiri Tahr and Lion-tailed macaque. 23 amphibian species, 33 reptile species, 226 bird species, 213 butterfly species, and several endangered fish species all call the nature refuge home. 

FOREST TYPES

Karimpuzha Sanctuary is also the only forest stretch in Kerala where seven forest types are all present: Semi-evergreen forest, Evergreen rainforest, moist deciduous forest, sub-tropical savannah, sub-tropical hill forest, montane wet temperate forest, and montane wet grasslands.
 
BEST TIME TO VISIT

Between October and May, when the weather is beautiful and the animals are active, is the ideal time to visit Karimpuzha Wildlife Sanctuary. It's advised to stay away during this period because the monsoon season lasts from June to September.


ACCESSIBILITY
Nearest air port is Karipur which is 43 kilometers away from Nilambur.
There is a railway station in Nilambur.
There are buses to Nilambur from Kozhikode (60 KMs) and Thrissur (106 Kms) , major towns in Kerala.

CONTACT DETAILS
Divisional Forest Officer
Nilambur (N) Forest Division
Nilambur Post 
Malappuram District: 679329
Kerala-India
Phone: 04931 220232
E.mail: dfo-nilamburnorth@forest.kerala.gov.in

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