MOST DANGEROUS LIZARS

  MOST DANGEROUS LIZARS Lizards are a diverse group of reptiles that belong to the order Squamata, which also includes snakes. They have scaly skin, four legs (except for some legless species), movable eyelids, and external ear openings. They are mostly carnivorous and have various adaptations to avoid predators, such as venom, camouflage, and tail regeneration. There are more than 7,000 species of lizards in the world, living in different habitats and climates. Some of the most well-known lizards are the Komodo dragon, the chameleon, the gecko, and the iguana. Lizards are not dangerous to humans, however, some lizards are poisonous and can harm a person if they are touched or bitten by these reptiles. Certain lizards, such as the Komodo dragon, can grow to large sizes and have been known to attack and kill people. Most lizards, in reality, are harmless to humans, as are most turtles; however, there are certain members of both groups that can kill, maim, make ill, or inflict at...
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PEPPARA WILDLIFE SANCTUARY

 PEPPARA WILDLIFE SANCTUARY


INTRODUCTION

In 1983, the Peppara Wildlife Sanctuary was established pursuant to GO (P) No. 379/83/AD dated December 21, 1983, following the construction of the Dam by the Kerala Water Authority at Peppara for the purpose of providing drinking water to the city and surrounding districts of Thiruvananthapuram. Neyyar Wildlife Sanctuary, Agastyvanam Biological Park, Paruthippally Range, Bonacord Tea Estate, and the Kalakkadu Mundanthurai Tiger Reserve in Tamil Nadu are all located on either side of this sanctuary. The sanctuary covers 53 square kilometers of forest and includes the Peppara reservoir.

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HISTORY
The region was formerly a part of Thiruvananthapuram Forest Division's Paruthipally Forest Range. The sanctuary is tucked away in the southern Western Ghats' western slope and is a component of the Agastyamala Biosphere Reserve. This sanctuary is bordered by Kalakkadu Mundanthurai Tiger Reserve of Tamil Nadu in the east, Neyyar Wildlife Sanctuary in the south-east, Agastyvanam Biological Park in the southwest, Paruthippally Range in the west, and Bonacord Tea State in the northwest.

GEOGRAPHICAL FEATURES
The sanctuary is adjacent to the Kalakkadu-Mundanthurai Tiger Reserve in Tamil Nadu and the Neyyar Wildlife Sanctuary in Kerala, which are both located between 080 34 and 080 41 N Latitude and 770 6 and 770 14 E Longitude, respectively. Altitudes between 100M and 1717M. The highest peak sanctuary is Chemmoonchi Mottai (1717M).
2800 mm of rain falls on average each year. Both the South-West and North-East monsoons fall on the refuge. Moderately humid and hot weather. Major peaks are Kallupara Knnu, Arumukham Kunnu, Athirumala Peak, Nacchyar Motta, and Chemmoonji Motta.

FAUNA AND FLORA
Mammals

1 Lion tailed Macaque

2.Sloth bear

3. Malabar squirrel

4: flying squirrel

5 Indian porcupine

6, indian elephant 

7. Gaur

8. Sambar deer

9. Barking deer

10. Mouse deer

11. Wild boar 
12. Bonnet Macaque

Birds

1. Common myna

2 Great Indian horn-bill 

3. Racket tailed drongo

4. Grey jungle fowl

5 White breasted king fisher

6. Shama

7. Common grey hornbill 

8. Spotted dove

9 Ноброе

10 Jungle babbler

11. Bulbul

Butterflies

1 Common tiger(Danaus genuita)

2.Crow (Euloea core)

3.Yellows(Eurema blanda)

4.Whites (Piers rapae)

5 Common rose (Trosristolochiae) 

6 Paris Peacock (Papilio paris)

7 Uddha (Papilio budha)

Predominant tree  Speceies are:

1 Terminalilia paniculata

2 Pterocarpus marsupium

3 Vateeria indica

4 Hopea parviflora 

5 Careya arborea

6. Symplaplocos cochinchinensis

7 Cinnamomum riparium 

8.Trichopus zylaninicus (Arogyapacha)

Major Species

1 Largerstroemia microcarpa

2. Terminalia chebula 

3.Terminalia bellirica

4 Syzygium mundagam 

5.Dipterocarpus bourdilloni

6 Cullinia exarillata 

7 Gluta travancorica

8 Bentickia condapana


FOREST TYPE

a) West coast Tropical Evergreen

b) Southern Hilltop Tropical Evergreen 

c) West Coast Semi evergreen

d) Semi moist Mixed Deciduous

e) Southern sub Tropical Savannas


BEST TIME TO VISIT
The sanctuary is best visited between October and January.

 ACCESSIBILITY 
Buses are available to Peppara Dam from Thiruvananthapuram. 10 miles from Vithura bus stop. 50 kilometres from the train station is Thiruvananthapuram. Thiruvananthapuram Airport is 55 kilometers away. 

CONTACT DETAILS
The Wildlife Warden,
Thiruvananthapuram Wildlife Division
Forestry Complex, Rajiv Gandhi Nagar
Vattiyoorkavu PO, Thiruvananthapuram
Kerala-India-695013
Phone: 0471-2360762
wlw-tvm@forest.kerala.gov.in















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